Greetings Gentleman,
Tom, I received your PM. Sorry to hear of your troubles. Unfortunately, all RAID levels should be protected with back ups.
RAID 0, data is interleaved in chunks (stripes) between 2 or more disk. None contain a full image of your data and thus, a failure of any member disk causes the array to fail.
Your array may still appear in tact in the RAID Config utility. Here's why, when a RAID is created metadata is written to each member disk, the utility also caches the name given to the array. The utility remains capable of identifying the last known configuration/array even if a member disk fails, or the array become degraded or broken.
From your description, it sounds like you are using the ICH10R as your controller (you said ctrl+I shows your RAID0). Please confirm this, and tell us what ports the disks are connected to. The first thing to do is verify that both disks are in fact marked as RAID members in the Config Utility. Next you will verify BIOS settings.
Being prompted to rebuild a RAID 0 array is not good. RAID 0 cannot be rebuilt conventionally. Software corruption is normally why you see a prompt to rebuild. If you look in your manual, you'll see that all references for "rebuilding" degraded or failed RAID are referring only to fault-tolerant arrays such as RAID 1, RAID 5 or RAID 10.
Again, I'm assuming you are using the Intel controller for RAID. BIOS > Integrated Peripherals. Ensure the Operate mode of the ICH SATA Controller is set to RAID (XHD). I would disable the other two controllers for the time being. They aren't needed for start up and only add additional layers during troubleshooting. These are also found under the > Integrated Peripherals heading. As dmdilks pointed out originally, you want to ensure your array appears as the first boot device in your boot order.
Both the JMicron and Marvell controllers offer native and non-native SATA support (aka emulated IDE mode) which is no longer needed (windows 7 or >)
Your moment of truth should come quickly. You've either dodged a bullet or have lost your OS. Let us know how you make out.