Greetings,
Still nothing conclusive.
What are you other system specs?
PSU is?
Case is?
What are you using for cooling?
What do you have connected and where exactly?
Do you have any fan controllers, etc connected to the MB in the case?
I would continue to bench test, MB out of the case.
I suggest you go back to F10, (use QFlash), then perform an additional CLR_CMOS) stick with the 9700K for testing and use QVL RAM certified for your board.
Your experiencing too many individual issues which all appear to be related to component instability.
Testing or running a base install without QVL RAM can cause all sorts of issues. Might work, might not.
Your coil whine is likely caused by your GPU. If one is not present, then your choice of PSU (maybe).
I have found the VRM and voltage on the Z390 to be fairly stable. Note, I do not OC as there have been some reports of VRM instability as OC demands increase. F10 and F11 did improve VRM performance (tolerances). Boards with earlier BIOS revs exhibited the most VRM variance, but again only in situations where above average overclocking was attempted.
Using a case with good static pressure is important for heat dissipation.
I fear you will be forever chasing elusive behavior. You have zero consistency since the first 6 months of ownership and and all attempts to rectify have been more like band-aids.
Why did your supplier replace your first CPU? Is it possible something was damaged? You also said they "repaired" the board. By doing what? Only Gigabyte or an authorized repair facility can safely service or repair a motherboard. If your supplier made some kind of non-factory "repair' you may never be able to get the system to run properly.
Even when done carefully, swapping your CPU can result in problems. Misalignment, bent PINs, etc.
I know this is a massive amount information to process, but you have so many unknowns it difficult to isolate behavior which can have more than one cause.